Joining Sentences: Two or more than two short sentences can usually be joined into a single sentence. This process is called Joining.
We can join two or more sentences into a single sentence by making it :
- Simple sentence
- Complex sentence
- Compound sentence

WAYS OF JOINING SENTENCES #1
JOINING INTO A SIMPLE SENTENCE
PATTERN 1: By using an Infinitive
Sentences | Joining |
He is very weak. He cannot walk. | He is too weak to walk. |
He has a house. He wishes to sell it. | He has a house to sell. |
He reads attentively. He wants to pass the exam. | He reads attentively to pass the exam. |
PATTERN 2: By using an Adjective Before a Noun
Sentences | Joining |
I saw a man by the roadside. He was old. | I saw an old man by the roadside. |
I lost my watch. It was costly. | I lost my costly watch. |
Do not laugh at the man. He is lame. | Do not laugh at the lame man. |
PATTERN 3: By using an Adverb or Adverbial Phrase
Sentences | Joining |
He will come here. It is sure. | He will surely come here. |
He failed the exam. It was unfortunate. | Unfortunately, he failed the exam. |
He maintains his job. He does it carefully. | He maintains his job carefully |
He described the fact. He did not fear at all. | He described the fact without any fear (Adv. phrase) |
PATTERN 4: By using a Present Participle
Sentences | Joining |
Do not jump from the train. The train is running. | Do not jump from the running train. |
He was tired. He took a rest for a while. | Being tired he took a rest for a while. |
We found a beggar. He was lying by the roadside. | We found a beggar lying by the roadside. |
PATTERN 5: By using a Past Participle
Sentences | Joining |
We saw a man. He was wounded. | We saw a wounded man. |
He had a dog. It was well-trained. | He had a well-trained dog. |
PATTERN 6: By using a Perfect Participle
Sentences | Joining |
We visited the fair. We returned home. | Having visited the fair, we returned home. |
I completed my homework. I sat for watching the TV. | Having completed my homework, I sat for watching the TV. |
PATTERN 7: By using a Preposition with a Verbal Noun/Gerund
Sentences | Joining |
She heard the news of her husband’s death. She fainted. | On hearing the news of her husband’s death, she fainted. |
The sun set. He could not complete his work. | The sun set before the completion of his work. |
PATTERN 8: By using a Prepositional Phrase
Sentences | Joining |
He was ill. Still, he continued his work. | In spite of his illness, he continued his work. |
He worked hard. He won the prize. | He won the prize by dint of hard work. |
PATTERN 9: By using a Noun/Phrase in Apposition
Sentences | Joining |
He is Barun. He is my brother. | He is Barun, my brother. |
Benaras is a city of temples, It stands on the Ganga. | Benaras, the city of temples stands on the Ganga. |
PATTERN 10: By using a Nominative Absolute [an Absolute Phrase]
Sentences | Joining |
The sun rose. The fog dispersed. | The sun having risen, the fog dispersed. |
The police arrived. The thieves fled. | The police having arrived, the thieves fled. |
WAYS OF JOINING SENTENCES #2
JOINING INTO COMPLEX SENTENCE
PATTERN 1: Joining with a Noun Clause
Linker: (that, who, which, what, why, if, etc.)
Sentences | Joining |
He has come. We know it. | We know that he has come. |
He did it. I do not know how. | I do not know how he did it. |
You have insulted her. This is her complaint. | Her complaint is that you have insulted her. |
She is laughing. Nobody knows the reason. | Nobody knows why she is laughing. |
Is it time for the train to start? The guard asked. | The guard asked if it was time for the train to start. |
PATTERN 2. Joining with a Relative Clause
Linker: who, whose, whom, which, when, where, why, that, etc.
Sentences | Joining |
He told us about a wild boar. He met it on a road. | He told us about a wild boar which he met on a road. |
The man was delighted. His horse won the race. | The man whore horse won the race was delighted. |
You met a man last night. He is a doctor. | The man whom you met last night is a doctor. |
He is absent. I want to know the reason. | I want to know the reason why he is absent. |
The meeting is due tomorrow. It must be postponed. | The meeting which is due tomorrow must be postponed. |
I went to the museum yesterday. Many people go there. | Yesterday, I went to the museum where many people go. |
Mr. Bose lives in a nice flat. It is in Salt Lake. | The nice flat in which Mr. Bose lives is in Salt Lake. [Or] Mr. Bose lives in a nice flat which is in Salt Lake. |
He will come. I do not know the time. | I do not know the time when he will come. |
This is the house. It was burnt last night. | This is the house that was burnt last night. |
PATTERN 3: Joining with an Adverbial Clause
Linker: If, though, as, when, where, so that, etc.
Sentences | Joining |
It is very simple. Even a child can do it. | It is so simple that a child can do. |
You are excused. You have confessed your fault. | As you have confessed your fault, you are excused. |
He is rich. He did not help me. | Though he is rich, he did not help me. |
I am poor. I shall not sell my honesty. | Although I am poor, I shall not sell my honesty. |
I can help you. You should put trust on me. | If you put trust on me, I can help you. |
The storm broke out. We lost our way in the jungle. | We lost our way in the jungle when the storm broke out. |
WAYS OF JOINING SENTENCES #3
JOINING INTO COMPOUND SENTENCE
By Coordinating Conjunctions: and, but, or, So, therefore, yet, either….or, neither….nor
PATTERN 1: Joining by Co-ordinating Conjunctions
Sentences | Joining |
He is intelligent. He stood first in the exam. | He is intelligent and he stood first in the exam. |
He is intelligent. Yet he failed the exam. | He is intelligent but he failed the exam. |
You may write a letter. You may send a telegram. | You may write a letter or send a telegram. |
I shall not. go to school. I shall not go to my friend’s house. | I shall go neither to school nor to my friend’s house. |
DIFFERENT TYPES OF LINKERS IN COMPLEX AND COMPOUND SENTENCES
- Some Linkers that express time sequence: first, next, after that, finally, etc.
- Some Linkers that suggest addition: and, also, as well, further, moreover, etc.
- Some Linkers that express contrast: but, though, although, however, etc.
- Some Linkers that express condition: if, if so, if not, in that case, etc.
- Linkers that mark concession: still, yet, anyway, in any case, etc.
- Some Linkers that express reason: as, because, so, hence, therefore, etc.
- Some Linkers that express purpose: that, so that, in order that, etc.
JOINING SENTENCES EXERCISES
JOINING SENTENCES EXERCISE TYPE #1
Join two sentences into a single Simple Sentence :
- He has some homework. He must finish it.
- She works hard. She wants to pass the exam.
- He has a camera. He wishes to sell it.
- He has a large family. He has to maintain it.
- He is very tired. He cannot speak.
- I had lost my pen. It was a new one.
- He had died. He was suffering from a fever.
- He did not tell the truth. He did it with intention.
- It must be done. Whatever may be the cost.
- The soldier returned to the camp. He was wounded.
- We bathed in the river. We visited the goddess in the temple.
- I heard the news of his success. I was delighted.
- The dinner was over. The party left the place.
- He was poor. Still, he helped another poor boy.
- Ashoka was a great king of India. He believed in non-violence.
- I was tired. I took a rest for an hour.
- He saw me coming. He ran away.
- He spoke the truth. He did not fear at all.
- The bus was crowded. That was usual.
- He fought alone. He could not find any help.
JOINING SENTENCES EXERCISE TYPE #2
Join the following pairs of sentences by using a Noun Clause (Nominal Clause):
- He will get a job. It is certain. [use ‘that’]
- He will not come. He says no. [use ‘that’]
- Rain will come. I hope it. [use ;that’]
- Somebody knocked at the door. It is a mystery. [use ‘who’]
- He said something. It is true. [use ‘what’]
- I’ll say something. Listen to it. [use ‘what’]
- She will come back. I don’t know the time. [use ‘when’]
- He was born somewhere. I don’t know the place. [use ‘where’]
- He opposed me. I don’t know the reason. [use ‘why’]
- He did the sum. I don’t know the process. [use ‘who’]
JOINING SENTENCES EXERCISE TYPE #3
Join two sentences into a single sentence by using a Relative Clause [who/whose/whom/which that]:
- This is a boy. I told him an interesting story. [Use ‘whom’]
- A boy came to our house yesterday. He is my friend. [Use ‘who’]
- I know Lipika. Her mother came here last month. [Use ‘whose’]
- He gave me a pen. He bought it from the market. [Use ‘which’]
- I lost the book yesterday. I have found it today. [Use ‘that’]
- Rabindranath Tagore was a great poet. He won the Nobel prize. [Use ‘who’]
- Here is the book. You were asking for it. [Use ‘which’]
- I went to visit the Alipur Zoo on Sunday last. Many visitors go there. [Use ‘where’]
- The theft was committed last night. The man has been caught. [Use ‘when’]
- This is the school. I was taught there. [Use ‘where’]
JOINING SENTENCES EXERCISE TYPE #3
Join the following pairs of sentences by using ‘and’, ‘but’, ‘or’, ‘either….or’ ‘neither…nor’ as necessary :
- Ram was present. Shyam also was present. Jadu was absent from school.
- He is poor. He is honest. He is also intelligent.
- You may accept the offer. You may refuse it.
- You may go to the market. Your brother may go to the market.
- I do not know anything about it. My friend does not know anything about it.
JOINING SENTENCES EXERCISE TYPE #4
Combine each of the following groups of sentences into a Simple Sentence :
- I hear a scream. The scream is frightening.
- My sister has lost her watch. It is a costly watch.
- I walk for health every day. I walk in the morning.
- His friend promises to come on a visit. He will come on Sunday.
- We must support him. Otherwise, he will be defeated in the election.
You Asked, We Listened – List of All Grammar Topics Updated 😍😍
Also, Read

Splitting Sentences

Conjunctions

Figures of Speech

Preposition

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