5 Types of Sentences

A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought and conveys a clear meaning in a given context.

It should have a subject and a predicate and should be grammatically correct and structurally correct.

Sentences often have different functions. There are 5 types of sentences:

Declarative or assertive sentences,
Interrogative sentences,
Exclamatory sentences,
Imperative sentences,
Optative sentences,

Types of Sentences #1

Declarative or Assertive Sentence

A sentence whose sole function is to state something is known as a declarative or an assertive sentence. In other words, such sentences declare or assert something to the listener or reader. They usually end with a full stop (.).

Structure – Sub. + Verb + Obj./Comp.

Examples

People of various communities live in the USA.
The earth is round.
Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.
The Mona Lisa is a famous painting.
The Eiffel Tower is located in Paris.
The pyramids of Egypt are ancient wonders of the world.
The sun rises in the east.
Ancient Greece was the pride of Europe.
Do not run in the sun.
Do not play with fire.

Types of Sentences #2

Interrogative Sentences

The purpose of an interrogative sentence is simply to interrogate or to ask questions. They end with a question mark (?).

Structure 1 – Be/Have + Sub. + Main verb + Obj./Comp.

Affirmative	Negative	Function
Is Peter going to school?	Is Peter not going to school?	Question

Structure 2 – Helping verb + Sub. + Main verb + Obj./Comp.

Affirmative	Negative	Function
Does he play basketball?	Does he not play basketball?	Question

Examples

Who are you?
What is your father’s name?
What does your father do for a living?
What is your mother’s favourite hobby?
How do you spend your free time?
Why are you not reading?
Aren’t you feeling well today?
Don’t you think it’s too late to call him now?
Why are you laughing?
Why should I go?

Types of Sentences #3

Imperative Sentences

Some sentences are spoken to convey a request or a command. Such sentences are known as imperative sentences. These sentences can end with either a full stop or an exclamation mark (!). It depends on how the sentence is expressed. Many imperative sentences begin with a verb rather than a noun.

Structure – Verb + Obj./Comp. { Please + Verb + Obj./Comp.}

Affirmative	Negative	Function
Shut the door.	Don’t shut the door.	Order
Please, go home.	Please don’t go home.	Request

Examples

Please maintain silence. (request)
Leave the room now! (command)
Open the windows and let the air come in. (command)
Please tell me where the library is. (request)
Pardon me. (request)
Cut the cloth according to the measurement. (command)
Always speak the truth.
Obey your elders.
Do not run in the sun.
Do not talk while the elder is speaking.

Types of Sentences #4

Exclamatory Sentences

Some sentences express emotions like fear, happiness, anger or surprise. These sentences are called exclamatory sentences and they always end with an exclamation mark.

Examples

How unfortunate can his life be!
Lo and behold! The car has been stolen!
Wow, what a beautiful view!
That was amazing!
Oh no, I forgot my keys!
Fantastic news, I got the job!
Yay, we won the game!
How beautiful the scene is!
How loudly he speaks!
How incredible is this sunset!

Types of Sentences #5

Optative Sentences

Some sentences express a heartfelt wish, prayer, or even a curse. Such sentences are called optative sentences. They may end in a full stop or an exclamation mark.

Examples

May the good Lord give you the strength to move on.
May the force be with you.
May Lord bless you.
May the force be with you.
Would that I had the power to heal.
May his soul rest in peace.
If I could fly like an aeroplane!
Oh, that I could be in two places at once!
I wish I could live forever.
God help us!

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Types of Sentences