A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought and conveys a clear meaning in a given context.
It should have a subject and a predicate and should be grammatically correct and structurally correct.
5 Types of Sentences
Sentences often have different functions. There are 5 types of sentences:
- Declarative or assertive sentences,
- Interrogative sentences,
- Exclamatory sentences,
- Imperative sentences,
- Optative sentences,
Types of Sentences #1
Declarative or Assertive Sentence
A sentence whose sole function is to state something is known as a declarative or an assertive sentence. In other words, such sentences declare or assert something to the listener or reader. They usually end with a full stop (.).
Structure – Sub. + Verb + Obj./Comp.
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Examples
- People of various communities live in the USA.
- The earth is round.
- Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.
- The Mona Lisa is a famous painting.
- The Eiffel Tower is located in Paris.
- The pyramids of Egypt are ancient wonders of the world.
- The sun rises in the east.
- Ancient Greece was the pride of Europe.
- Do not run in the sun.
- Do not play with fire.
Types of Sentences #2
Interrogative Sentences
The purpose of an interrogative sentence is simply to interrogate or to ask questions. They end with a question mark (?).
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Structure 1 – Be/Have + Sub. + Main verb + Obj./Comp.
| Affirmative | Negative | Function |
|---|---|---|
| Is Peter going to school? | Is Peter not going to school? | Question |
Structure 2 – Helping verb + Sub. + Main verb + Obj./Comp.
| Affirmative | Negative | Function |
|---|---|---|
| Does he play basketball? | Does he not play basketball? | Question |
Examples
- Who are you?
- What is your father’s name?
- What does your father do for a living?
- What is your mother’s favourite hobby?
- How do you spend your free time?
- Why are you not reading?
- Aren’t you feeling well today?
- Don’t you think it’s too late to call him now?
- Why are you laughing?
- Why should I go?
Types of Sentences #3
Imperative Sentences
Some sentences are spoken to convey a request or a command. Such sentences are known as imperative sentences. These sentences can end with either a full stop or an exclamation mark (!). It depends on how the sentence is expressed. Many imperative sentences begin with a verb rather than a noun.
Structure – Verb + Obj./Comp. { Please + Verb + Obj./Comp.}
| Affirmative | Negative | Function |
|---|---|---|
| Shut the door. | Don’t shut the door. | Order |
| Please, go home. | Please don’t go home. | Request |
Examples
- Please maintain silence. (request)
- Leave the room now! (command)
- Open the windows and let the air come in. (command)
- Please tell me where the library is. (request)
- Pardon me. (request)
- Cut the cloth according to the measurement. (command)
- Always speak the truth.
- Obey your elders.
- Do not run in the sun.
- Do not talk while the elder is speaking.
Types of Sentences #4
Exclamatory Sentences
Some sentences express emotions like fear, happiness, anger or surprise. These sentences are called exclamatory sentences and they always end with an exclamation mark.
Examples
- How unfortunate can his life be!
- Lo and behold! The car has been stolen!
- Wow, what a beautiful view!
- That was amazing!
- Oh no, I forgot my keys!
- Fantastic news, I got the job!
- Yay, we won the game!
- How beautiful the scene is!
- How loudly he speaks!
- How incredible is this sunset!
Types of Sentences #5
Optative Sentences
Some sentences express a heartfelt wish, prayer, or even a curse. Such sentences are called optative sentences. They may end in a full stop or an exclamation mark.
Examples
- May the good Lord give you the strength to move on.
- May the force be with you.
- May Lord bless you.
- May the force be with you.
- Would that I had the power to heal.
- May his soul rest in peace.
- If I could fly like an aeroplane!
- Oh, that I could be in two places at once!
- I wish I could live forever.
- God help us!
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Also, Read
Figures of Speech
Subject Verb Agreement
Degrees of Comparison
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